Lifestyle modifications

NUTRITION

  • Prevention: Ensuring adequate intake of vitamin D may have a preventive effect (2)

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

  • Most people with MS may benefit from regular exercise. It reduces fatigue and improves sleep (1)
  • Limited evidence shows that some may benefit from mind-body exercises / relaxation training (1)

SMOKING

  • Smoking may increase the progression of MS (3)
  • Prevention: Smoking cessation, as smoking seems to be a risk factor for MS (2)

References

1) https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/140/management-approach

2) https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/140/prevention

3) https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng220


Resources

EXPLANATION TO EVIDENCE PRESENTATION

Figure: Evidence pyramid

Evidence based on guidelines and evidence based Clinical Decision Systems is written in BOLD font

Evidence based on meta analysis or systematic reviews is written in BOLD and CURSIVE font

​Evidence based on randomized controlled trials is written in PLAIN font

Evidence based on observational / cohort studies is written in CURSIVE font